Events in C#

We’ll take a simple and useful scenario to make our understanding of Events as clear as possible.
First of all copy and paste the code below. We’ll try understanding the code than.

using System;
public class ResultDeclarationEventArgs : EventArgs
{
private string message;
public ResultDeclarationEventArgs(string message)
{
this.message = message;
}
public string Messsage
{
get
{
return message;
}
}
}
public delegate void ResultHandler(object sender, ResultDeclarationEventArgs e);
public class Kid
{
private int percentage;
public event ResultHandler onResultDeclaration;
public int Percentage
{
set
{
percentage = value;
if(percentage > 80)
{
ResultDeclarationEventArgs myREA = new ResultDeclarationEventArgs( ” I got Distinction”);
onResultDeclaration(this, myREA);
}
if(percentage > 60 && percentage < 80)
{
ResultDeclarationEventArgs myREA = new ResultDeclarationEventArgs(” I got FirstClass”);
onResultDeclaration(this, myREA);
}
if(percentage > 40 && percentage < 60)
{
ResultDeclarationEventArgs myREA = new ResultDeclarationEventArgs(” I got SecondClass”);
onResultDeclaration(this, myREA);
}
if(percentage < 40)
{
ResultDeclarationEventArgs myREA = new ResultDeclarationEventArgs(” Sorry I failed “);
onResultDeclaration(this, myREA);
}
}
}
}
public class Mom
{
public Mom(Kid myKid)
{
myKid.onResultDeclaration += new ResultHandler(GiveMsgToMom);
}
void GiveMsgToMom(object sender, ResultDeclarationEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Messsage);
}
}

public class Dad
{
public Dad(Kid myKid)
{
myKid.onResultDeclaration += new ResultHandler(GiveMsgToDad);
}
void GiveMsgToDad(object sender, ResultDeclarationEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Messsage);
}
}

class myDemo
{
public static void Main()
{
Kid kid = new Kid();
Mom mom = new Mom(kid);
Dad dad = new Dad(kid);
Console.WriteLine(“Please enter the percentage of the Kid”);
string percentage = Console.ReadLine();
kid.Percentage = Convert.ToInt32(percentage);
}
}

The scenario is something like this First there is a class named Kid. It has a field called Percentage and declares an event OnResultDeclaration. It is of type ResultHandler. ResultHandler is a delegate. public delegate void ResultHandler(object sender, ResultDeclarationEventArgs e);
It can point or refer to any method which has return type void and takes as parameter an object and ResultDeclarationEventArgs.
Object will give the name of the sender who has called this eventhandler and ResultDeclarationEventArgs is to pass any information regarding the event.

ResultDeclarationEventArgs is a class that derives from EventArgs class. It has a message field which will contain the message the Kid class, which has the event OnResultDeclaration, would like to convey to the class (e.g. Mom, Dad) which are interested in that event.
For this reason, we have our event handlers(method) inside Mom and Dad class which have the same signature as defined by the event.
void GiveMsgToMom(object sender, ResultDeclarationEventArgs e)
void GiveMsgToDad(object sender, ResultDeclarationEventArgs e)
Than we register these eventHandler to the events.
myKid.onResultDeclaration += new ResultHandler(GiveMsgToDad);
myKid.onResultDeclaration += new ResultHandler(GiveMsgToDad);

Kid class will check for the percentage passed in and accordingly set’s the message.
Whatever message is set is than displayed in the Event handler inside Mom and Dad class using e.Message